The Role of Fiber Optic Distribution Boxes in Optical Networks

Fiber Optic Distribution Boxes in Optical Networks

Fiber optic distribution boxes, also known as fiber distribution hubs (FDHs), are a critical component in optical communication networks. They act as consolidation points, enabling efficient connections and distribution of fiber optic cables. This article will provide an overview of fiber distribution boxes, their key functions, different types, and role in fiber optic networks.

Introduction

A fiber optic distribution box is essentially an enclosure that houses fiber optic splitters and connectors. It is used to terminate and interconnect optical fiber cables, allowing them to be distributed to different endpoints. Within the telecommunications infrastructure, distribution boxes facilitate easier administration and reconfiguration of complex optical networks. They provide flexibility to reroute and divert optical signals as needed.

Key Functions

The key functions of fiber distribution boxes include:

• Optical fiber splicing and termination - Fusion splicing of fiber optic cables entering the box to connectorized pigtails. Mechanical connectors may also be used. This allows incoming fibers to be connected to outgoing fibers.

• Cable storage and protection - The enclosure houses and protects optical fiber splices, connectors, and coiled slack cable. This protects fibers from damage.

• Distribution and access - Distribute and provide access to fiber cables leading to different endpoints. Patch cords help interconnect fibers terminating within the box.

Types of Fiber Distribution Boxes

There are different types suited for varied applications:

• Aerial fiber distribution boxes: Mounted on aerial cable strands, poles, etc.

• Underground distribution boxes: Housed within concrete access pits, handholes, etc.

• Wall-mount distribution boxes: Mounted on walls, buildings, etc.

• Rack-mount distribution boxes: Mounted into standard 19” or 23” equipment racks.

Within networks, distribution boxes may also be categorized by the number of fibers they support or environments they are rated for.

Role in Optical Networks

Fiber distribution boxes enable easier deployment, configuration, and maintenance of complex optical networks. They allow consolidated termination of fiber optic cables installed across widespread geographic areas. The distribution boxes can divert and reroute optical signals to different endpoints in buildings, cell towers, remote units, or customer premises. This facilitates efficient signal distribution and reconfiguration based on evolving network needs. Their strategic placement at key nodes helps optimize optical network performance.